Micro Controller Unit
Microcontrollers have a relatively long history in computer science. Some of them are outdated, so here are my recommendations for various purposes.
ARM
MCUs have improved significantly in performance, and these days, ARM is a good choice for both performance and price.
Microchip
Curiosity Nano SAM E51
32bit ARM Cortex M4F
Floating Point Unit
On-Board Debugger
STMicroelectronics
Nucleo-F411RE
32bit ARM Cortex M4
ST-LINK debugger/programmer
Raspberry Pi
Pico 2W
32bit ARM Cortex M33 150MHz
520KB SRAM
Hardware SHA-256 accelerator